grapheneX
In computing, hardening is usually the process of securing a system by reducing its surface of vulnerability, which is larger when a system performs more functions; in principle a single-function system is more secure than a multipurpose one. Reducing available ways of attack typically includes changing default passwords, the removal of unnecessary software, unnecessary usernames or logins, and the disabling or removal of unnecessary services.
Although the current technology tries to design systems as safe as possible, security flaws and situations that can lead to
vulnerabilities caused by unconscious use and missing configurations still exist. The user must be knowledgeable about the technical side of system architecture and should be aware of the importance of securing his/her system from vulnerabilities like this. Unfortunately, it's not possible to know all the details about hardening and necessary commands for every ordinary user and the hardening remains to be a technical issue due to the difficulty of understanding operating system internals. Therefore there are hardening checklists that contain various commands and rules of the specified operating system available such as
trimstray/linux-hardening-checklist &
Windows Server Hardening Checklist on the internet for providing a set of commands with their sections and of course simplifying the concept for the end user. But still, the user must know the commands and apply the hardening manually depending on the system. That's where the
grapheneX exactly comes in play.
The project name is derived from the 'graphene'. Graphene is a one-atom-thick layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. In proportion to its thickness, it is about 100 times stronger than the strongest steel.
grapheneX project aims to provide a framework for securing the system with hardening commands automatically. It's designed for the end user as well as the Linux and Windows developers due to the interface options. (interactive shell/web interface) In addition to that,
grapheneX can be used to secure a web server/application.
Hardening commands and the scopes of those commands are referred to
modules and the
namespaces in the project. They exist at the
modules.json file after installation. (
$PYPATH/site-packages/graphenex/modules.json) Additionally, it's possible to add, edit or remove modules and namespaces. Also, the hardening operation can be automated with the presets that contain a list of modules.
Currently, grapheneX support the hardening sections below. Each of these namespaces contains more than one module.
- Firewall
- User
- Network
- Services
- Kernel
- Filesystem
- Other
InstallationYou can install
grapheneX with
pip. Usually this is the easiest way:
pip install graphenex
Also it's possible to run the
setup.py for installation as follows:
python setup.py install
The commands below can be used for
testing the project without installation:
cd grapheneX
pipenv install
pipenv run python -m graphenex
Dependencies
UsageCommand Line Argumentsusage: grapheneX [-h] [-v] [-w] [--open] [host:port]
positional arguments:
host:port host and port to run the web interface
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-v, --version show version information
-w, --web run the grapheneX web server
--open open browser on web server start
Interactive ShellExecute the
grapheneX.py in order to start the interactive shell.
- Animated gifs and screenshots added for demonstration and include the test execution of the unversioned grapheneX. Use
grapheneX or python -m graphenex command for the execution.
- grapheneX currently supports Python3.7
- Project's some functions (such as hardening) might not work without root access. So consider running the grapheneX with sudo/administrative access.
Web InterfaceExecute the
grapheneX.py with the
-w or
--web argument in order to start the web server.
- The default host and port value are
0.0.0.0:8080. It can be changed via the host:port argument as shown below.
python grapheneX.py -w 192.168.1.36:8090
- Use
--open argument to open the browser after the server start.
python grapheneX.py -w --open
CLI Commands
| Command | Description |
|---|
| back | Go back from namespace or module |
| clear | Clear the terminal |
| exit | Exit interactive shell |
| harden | Execute the hardening command |
| help | List available commands with "help" or show detailed help with "help <cmd>" |
| info | Show information about the module |
| list | List available hardening modules |
| manage | Add, edit or delete module |
| preset | Show/execute the hardening module presets |
| search | Search for modules |
| switch | Switch between modules or namespaces |
| use | Use a hardening module |
| web | Start the grapheneX web server |
helphelp or
? shows the commands list above.
help [CMD] shows the detailed usage of given command.
listShow the available modules in a table. For example:
switchswitch command can be used to switch to a namespace or use a module. It's helpful if you want to see a list of modules in a namespace.
switch [NAMESPACE]
- Supports autocomplete for namespaces.
Also, using the
switch command like this is possible:
switch [NAMESPACE]/[MODULE]
It's the equivalent of the
use command in this situation.
useServes the purpose of selecting a hardening module.
use [MODULE]
- Supports autocomplete for modules.
infoShows information (namespace, description, OS command) about the selected module.
hardenExecutes the hardening command of the selected module.
presetgrapheneX has presets that contain particular modules for automating the hardening operation. Presets can be customized with the
modules.json file and they can contain any supported module.
preset command shows the available module presets and
preset [PRESET] runs the hardening commands in a preset.
An example
preset command output is shown above. Below, a preset that contains 2 modules is selected and hardening modules executed.
preset command supports autocomplete for preset names. Also, it supports an option for asking permission between each hardening command execution so that the user knows what he/she is doing.
Presets are stored in the
presets element inside the
modules.json file. This JSON file can be edited for updating the presets.
"presets": [
{
"name": "Preset_1",
"modules": [
"namespace1/Module_Name1",
"namespace2/Module_Name2",
],
"target_os": "linux/win"
},
{
"name": "Preset_2",
"modules": [
"namespace/All"
],
"target_os": "linux/win"
}
]
namespace/All means every hardening command in that
namespace will be executed.
searchsearch [QUERY]
managemanage command allows to add, edit or remove modules.
- Adding modules with
manage
Follow the instructions for adding a new module. Choose the 'new' option in the namespace prompt for creating a new namespace.
grapheneX stores the modules and namespaces in
modules.json file. It will show up as a new module when a new element is created in this JSON file. An example element is given below.
"namespace": [
{
"name": "Module_Name",
"desc": "This is the module description.",
"command": "echo 'hardening command'",
"require_superuser": "True/False",
"target_os": "linux/win"
}
]
It's recommended to add modules from CLI or the Web interface other than editing the
modules.json file.
Choose the
edit option after the
manage command for the editing the module properties.
Or edit the
modules.json manually.
Choosing the
remove option in the
manage menu will be enough for removing the specified module. It's also possible to remove the module from
modules.json manually.
webStarts the grapheneX web server with the optional
host:port argument.
web [host:port]
backGo back from selected namespace or module.
clearClear terminal
exitExit interactive shell
WebMost of the
command line features are accessible with the Web interface.
Namespaces & ModulesIt's easy to switch between namespaces and see details of modules.
HardeningJust click
run under the module properties for executing the hardening command.
Adding ModulesThere's a menu available in the web interface for adding new modules.
Screenshots
TODO(s)
- Add new modules for Linux and Windows.
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